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首頁» 過刊瀏覽» 2023» Vol.8» Issue(6) 755-766???? DOI : 10.3969/ j.issn.2096-1693.2023.06.069
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頻變泊松阻抗在深水重力流砂體含氣性預測中的應用
李志曄, 劉錚, 張衛(wèi)衛(wèi), 楊學奇, 敖威, 雷勝蘭
中海石油深海開發(fā)有限公司,深圳 518054
Application of frequency-dependent Poisson’s impedance in prediction of gas potential of deepwater gravity flow sandbody
LI Zhiye, LIU Zheng, ZHANG Weiwei, YANG Xueqi, AO Wei
CNOOC Deepwater Development Limited, Shenzhen 518054, China

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摘要? 白云深水區(qū)位于南海北部陸坡前緣,已發(fā)現(xiàn)多個氣田,是油氣成藏的有利區(qū)帶,但是隨著勘探程度的加深,地震勘探目標越來越復雜,流體性質的不確定性是目前勘探面臨的難題之一,加強流體預測研究迫在眉睫。然而常規(guī)彈性參數(shù)對含氣飽和度的敏感性較弱,且受壓實、巖性、厚度調諧、孔隙等因素影響,氣層、低飽和度氣層、好物性水層等地震響應類似,常規(guī)彈性參數(shù)反演方法難以解決含氣飽和度預測的問題。泊松阻抗表現(xiàn)為縱橫波速度差的形式,可以消去固相突出液相信息,具有流體因子性質,然而常規(guī)的坐標旋轉獲取泊松阻抗的方法在定量預測含氣飽和度時誤差較大。射線彈性阻抗可以表達為廣義泊松阻抗,對疊前道集資料進行對應泊松角度部分疊加即可快速求得泊松阻抗,相對于常規(guī)泊松阻抗保留了頻率特征。在相控巖石物理指導下,采用分頻技術,使用頻變的泊松阻抗描述流體引起的頻散程度,消除利用單一振幅信息所引起的流體識別假象,增強對油氣檢測的準確性和敏感性。同時通過隨機森林算法建立特征頻率泊松阻抗與含氣飽和度的非線性關聯(lián),并加入孔隙度相控體,在有效儲層里實現(xiàn)定量油氣預測。隨機森林算法是一種以決策樹為基礎的集成算法,具有調節(jié)參數(shù)少、操作方便的優(yōu)點,且具有較好的抗噪性。針對白云深水區(qū)珠江組重力流砂體儲層的含氣性特征,應用此技術進行含油氣性預測,預測結果與井吻合性高,可以有效將受物性影響呈現(xiàn)強振幅特征的不含氣砂巖與含氣砂巖區(qū)分,驗證了方法的有效性及應用前景。
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關鍵詞 : 頻變,泊松阻抗,流體識別,人工智能,隨機森林
Abstract

The Baiyun Deepwater Zone is located on the front edge of the northern slope of the South China Sea, and multiple gas fields have been discovered, making it a favorable zone for oil and gas accumulation. However, with the deepening of exploration, the seismic exploration targets are becoming increasingly complex, and the uncertainty of fluid properties is one of the current challenges in exploration. Strengthening fluid prediction research is urgent. However, the sensitivity of conventional elastic parameters to gas saturation is weak, and they are influenced by factors such as compaction, lithology, thickness tuning, porosity, etc. The seismic response of gas layers, low saturation gas layers, and good physical property water layers is similar. Conventional elastic parameter inversion methods are difficult to use to solve the problem of gas saturation prediction. Poisson's impedance is manifested in the form of velocity difference between longitudinal and transverse waves, which can eliminate the information of solid phase protrusion and liquid phase, and has fluid factor properties. However, conventional methods of obtaining Poisson's impedance through coordinate rotation have significant errors in quantitatively predicting gas saturation. The ray elastic impedance can be expressed as a generalized Poisson impedance, which can be quickly obtained by stacking the corresponding Poisson angle part of the pre-stack gather data, while retaining frequency characteristics compared to conventional Poisson impedance. Under the guidance of phase controlled rock physics, frequency division technology is adopted to describe the degree of dispersion caused by fluid using frequency dependent Poisson impedance, eliminate the false identification of fluid caused by the use of single amplitude information, and enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of oil and gas detection. At the same time, a nonlinear correlation between characteristic frequency Poisson impedance and gas saturation is established through a random forest algorithm, and porosity controlled volume is added to achieve quantitative oil and gas prediction in effective reservoirs. The random forest algorithm is an integrated algorithm based on decision trees, which has the advantages of fewer adjustment parameters, convenient operation, and good noise resistance. In view of the gas bearing characteristics of the Pearl River Formation gravity flow sand body reservoir in the Baiyun deep-water area, this technology is used to predict the oil and gas bearing properties. The prediction results are highly consistent with the wells, which can effectively distinguish the gas free sandstone and gas bearing sandstone with strong amplitude characteristics affected by physical properties, and verify the effectiveness and application prospects of the method.


Key words: frequency-dependent; Poisson impedance; fluid identification; artificial intelligence; random for
收稿日期: 2023-12-29 ????
PACS: ? ?
基金資助:中海石油( 中國) 有限公司項目“南海大中型天然氣田形成條件、勘探潛力與突破方向”(KJZH-2021-0003-00) 資助
通訊作者: [email protected]
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李志曄, 劉錚, 張衛(wèi)衛(wèi), 楊學奇, 敖威, 雷勝蘭. 頻變泊松阻抗在深水重力流砂體含氣性預測中的應用. 石油科學通報, 2023, 06: 755-766. LI Zhiye, LIU Zheng, ZHANG Weiwei, YANG Xueqi, AO Wei, LEI Shenglan. Application of frequency-dependent Poisson’s impedance in prediction of gas potential of a deepwater gravity flow sandbody. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2023, 05: 755-766.
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