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摘要? 塔里木盆地縫洞型碳酸鹽巖儲層常采用酸化去除近井地帶污染,、提高單井產(chǎn)能,，其改造效果受酸液在儲層中流動(dòng),、反應(yīng),、縫洞溶蝕規(guī)律影響,，但目前縫洞型儲層中酸液流動(dòng)反應(yīng)規(guī)律還未系統(tǒng)研究過。針對該問題,，本文進(jìn)行縫洞型碳酸鹽巖儲層酸化數(shù)學(xué)建模研究,，首先利用序貫高斯模擬方法生成基質(zhì)孔隙、溶洞孔隙空間分布,，其次利用概率分布函數(shù)生成符合地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計(jì)規(guī)律的天然裂縫分布,，將三者結(jié)合得到縫洞型碳酸鹽巖儲層的基質(zhì)、溶洞,、天然裂縫空間分布,。然后與雙重尺度蚓孔擴(kuò)展模型結(jié)合形成縫洞型儲層酸液流動(dòng)、酸巖反應(yīng),、孔縫演化數(shù)學(xué)模型,，并進(jìn)行數(shù)值求解、編制模擬程序,?；跀?shù)值模型，進(jìn)行了酸化模擬,，分析了孔縫演化規(guī)律、溶蝕形態(tài)以及酸液流動(dòng)距離,。研究結(jié)果表明,，天然裂縫分布對酸液流向影響顯著，酸液沿部分天然裂縫流動(dòng),，在裂縫中流動(dòng)較快,，可以短時(shí)間內(nèi)到達(dá)較遠(yuǎn)距離。溶洞內(nèi)孔隙度,、滲透率高,，當(dāng)酸液遇到溶洞時(shí)，酸液在溶洞內(nèi) 鋪展開,，形成片狀溶蝕,，降低了酸液前進(jìn)速度，溶蝕形態(tài)不同于天然裂縫或基質(zhì)中形成的細(xì)長蚓孔,?；|(zhì)孔滲遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于天然裂縫、溶洞,，酸液很少進(jìn)入基質(zhì),。天然裂縫分布對酸液作用距離影響較大，文中模擬條件下預(yù)測的作用距離達(dá)到 25 m+,。本文建立的模型為縫洞型儲層酸化提供了優(yōu)化模擬工具,，為現(xiàn)場施工方案設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論依據(jù),。

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關(guān)鍵詞 ：天然裂縫,；溶洞；數(shù)學(xué)建模,；酸巖作用,；酸液作用距離

Abstract：

Acidizing is often used in naturally fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin to remove damage near

the wellbore caused by drilling and improve the productivity. The stimulation performance depends on acid flow, acid-rock

interaction, and rock dissolution in the reservoir. But the acid-rock interaction in naturally fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs

has not been systematically studied. Aiming at this problem, this article uses numerical modeling on acidizing naturally fractured

vuggy carbonate reservoirs. Firstly, we use the method of sequential Gaussian simulation to generate a spatial distribution of

matrix and vugs. Then we use a probability distribution function to generate geo-statistical spatial distribution of natural fractures.

Combining the three distributions above generates a spatial distribution of pores, vugs, and natural fractures. Then, a mathematical

model of acid flow, acid-rock interaction and pore evolution is built by coupling a two-scale wormhole model with spatial distri

butions of pores, vugs, and natural fractures. Next the numerical model is developed. Based on the model, we conduct numerical

simulation of acidizing and analyze the effects of vugs and natural fractures on the wormhole pattern as well as acid penetration

distance. The results show that the natural fractures have a dominant effect on acid flow. The acid flows along some natural fractures,

and the acid flows fast in the fractures so that the acid can reach a longer distance. Since the porosity and permeability in the vugs

are high, when meeting a vug, the acid spreads out in the vug and forms a large area dissolution, which reduces the advance speed

of the acid. The dissolution pattern in the vugs is significantly different from the thin wormholes formed in the natural fractures or

matrix. Since the porosity and permeability of the matrix are much lower than those of natural fractures and vugs, little acid enters

the matrix. The distribution of natural fractures has a great influence on acid penetration distance, and the predicted distance is up to

25m under the simulated conditions. The model established in this paper provides an simulation tool for the acidizing of naturally

fractured vuggy reservoirs and a theoretical basis for the design of acidizing schemes.

Key words： natural fracture, vug, mathematical modeling, acid-rock interaction, acid penetration distance

收稿日期: 2021-09-29 ????

PACS:

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基金資助:國家科技重大專項(xiàng)“靶向酸壓控制因素及暫堵轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)嶒?yàn)研究”( 編號：2016ZX05014-005-012) 資助

通訊作者: moujianye@cup.edu.cn

引用本文: ??

牟建業(yè), 張宇, 牟善波, 張士誠, 馬新仿. 縫洞型碳酸鹽巖儲層酸液流動(dòng)反應(yīng)建模. 石油科學(xué)通報(bào), 2021, 03: 465-473 MOU Jianye, ZHANG Yu, MOU Shanbo, ZHANG Shicheng, MA Xinfang. Modeling of acid-rock interaction in naturally fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2021, 03: 465-473.

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