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摘要? 氫能零污染,、零碳,、無次生污染，是公認(rèn)的清潔能源,，被譽(yù)為 21 世紀(jì)最具發(fā)展前景的二次能源,，也是實(shí) 現(xiàn)“碳達(dá)峰、碳中和工作”最富成效的技術(shù)方案之一,，氫能將成為我國(guó)能源體系的重要組成部分。然而氫能在制備,、儲(chǔ)運(yùn)以及利用等環(huán)節(jié),，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施關(guān)鍵零部件較多、系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜,、用材特殊,，我國(guó)對(duì)氫能制—儲(chǔ)—運(yùn)安全與應(yīng)急保障技術(shù)仍缺乏系統(tǒng)性研究，落后于產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展安全保障現(xiàn)實(shí)需求,。本文系統(tǒng)性辨識(shí)了氫能源在制備,、存儲(chǔ),、輸運(yùn)以及供應(yīng)等領(lǐng)域基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的安全現(xiàn)狀、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素及面臨的技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn),，從事故風(fēng)險(xiǎn)演化與災(zāi)變機(jī)理,、安全評(píng) 估與完整性、安全檢測(cè)與監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警,，以及事故應(yīng)急與保障機(jī)制等方面提出技術(shù)需求與發(fā)展建議,，為完善我國(guó)氫能制—儲(chǔ)—運(yùn)安全與應(yīng)急保障技術(shù)體系提供參考。

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關(guān)鍵詞 ：氫能制—儲(chǔ)—運(yùn)；故障模式,；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,；監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警；安全與應(yīng)急保障,；完整性

Abstract：

Hydrogen (if manufactured with renewable energy) has zero pollution, zero carbon and no secondary pollution, is recognized as a clean energy carrier. It is known as the most promising secondary energy source in the 21st century, which

also becomes one of the most effective technical solutions to achieve “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”. Hydrogen will become an important part of China’s energy system. However, there are numerous complicated systems, components, and

hazardous materials used in the infrastructure during preparation, storage, transportation, processing and utilization of hydrogen. There is still a lack of systematic research on the safety and emergency guarantee technology of hydrogen production, storage and transportation in China, which lags behind the practical requirements of safety guarantee for industrial development. In this paper a systemic identification of safety status, risk factors and the technical challenges during preparation, storage,

transport and supply infrastructure of hydrogen is carefully studied. The technical requirements and development planning are proposed including but not limited to the failure and accident mechanisms, safety and integrity assessment, safety inspection,

monitoring and early warning, and the accident emergency and safeguard mechanism. It provides a theoretical basis for improv- ing the safety and emergency support technology system of hydrogen production, storage and transportation in China.

Key words： hydrogen production, storage and transportation; failure modes; risk factors; monitoring and early warning; safety and emergency protection; integrity

收稿日期: 2021-06-30 ????

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基金資助:中國(guó)工程院重大咨詢項(xiàng)目(2020-ZD-023) 和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助(52074323) 聯(lián)合資助

通訊作者: [email protected].

引用本文: ??

張來斌, 胡瑾秋, 張曦月, 肖尚蕊. 氫能制—儲(chǔ)—運(yùn)安全與應(yīng)急保障技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì). 石油科學(xué)通報(bào), 2021, 02: 167-180 ZHANG Laibin, HU Jinqiu, ZHANG Xiyue, XIAO Shangrui. Research status and development trends of safety and emergency guarantee technology for production, storage and transportation of hydrogen. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2021, 02: 167-180.

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