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砂質(zhì)辮狀河不同級(jí)次構(gòu)型表征及其界面控制下的巖性分布模式
——以山西大同盆地侏羅系辮狀河露頭為例
任曉旭,,侯加根,,劉鈺銘,陳德坡,,張翔宇
1 中國石油大學(xué)(北京)地球科學(xué)學(xué)院,,北京 102249; 2 中國石化勝利油田地質(zhì)科學(xué)研究院,,東營 257061
Architectural characterization and a distribution model of lithology
REN Xiaoxu, HOU Jiagen, LIU Yuming, CHEN Depo, ZHANG Xiangyu
1 College of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China; 2 Geological Science Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield, SINOPEC, Dongying 257061, China

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摘要? 由于水動(dòng)力的變化,厚砂層內(nèi)不同級(jí)次構(gòu)型界面附近會(huì)發(fā)生巖性的變化,,界面附近存在具有一定厚度的“巖性復(fù)合體”,,從而影響厚層砂體內(nèi)部的非均質(zhì)性。砂質(zhì)辮狀河構(gòu)型疊置界面多樣,,界面附近的巖性分布模式尤其復(fù)雜,。通過對(duì)山西大同侏羅系云崗組經(jīng)典砂質(zhì)辮狀河露頭進(jìn)行考察,劃分了8種構(gòu)型要素類型及其內(nèi)部巖石相組合模式,闡述了不同級(jí)次構(gòu)型界面附近沉積模式控制下的巖性組合模式,,并且定量統(tǒng)計(jì)了5級(jí)~3級(jí)界面附近巖性復(fù)合體的展布規(guī)模(長度,、厚度)。分析不同級(jí)次界面附近巖性變化的成因機(jī)制,,重塑了砂質(zhì)辮狀河沉積過程,。研究表明,5級(jí)界面為單期河道的邊界,,界面附近為厚度較大,、分布穩(wěn)定的泛濫平原沉積。4級(jí)界面為單一心灘壩或河道充填的邊界,,界面附近有分布較不穩(wěn)定的三類沉積,,一是壩側(cè)翼的側(cè)積披覆泥巖,,二是壩底的含泥礫砂巖,,三是廢棄河道泥巖。3級(jí)界面是心灘壩內(nèi)部增生體的邊界,,3級(jí)界面附近有厚度較薄,、分布不穩(wěn)定的四類沉積,一是增生體頂?shù)姆凵百|(zhì)泥巖細(xì)粒沉積,,也稱為落淤層,,二是增生體底的薄層含泥礫砂巖,三是增生體頂?shù)哪噘|(zhì)沖溝沉積,,四是增生體界面附近的鈣質(zhì)膠結(jié)砂巖,。
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關(guān)鍵詞 : 砂質(zhì)辮狀河,;構(gòu)型要素;構(gòu)型界面,;巖性組合,;大同侏羅系露頭
Abstract

In multistory sandstones, lithofacies near the architectural bounding surface vary due to the hydrodynamic changes, which affect the heterogeneity inside the sand bodies. Especially for braided fluvial deposits, the hydrodynamic changes are more frequent, and the lithofacies near the bounding surfaces are distributed rather complicatedly and unstably. Lithofacies are identified and divided by investigating the classical sandy braided river outcrops in Datong, Shanxi Province, and eight modes of lithofacies assemblages are summarized, which correspond to eight types of architectural elements. The modes of lithologic complexes near architectural bounding surfaces in study outcrops are divided and measured quantitatively based on photographic mosaics and interpretation of the outcrop sections. The genetic mechanisms of lithologic variation of different orders and different types are analyzed, the architectural models of braided fluvial deposits are summarized, and the sandy braided river depositional process is remodeled. The fifth order architectural bounding surface is defined as the surface of a braided channel. Therefore, the lithology near the fifth order bounding surface is the floodplain mudstone which is relatively thick and develops stably between different periods of braided channels. The fourth order architectural bounding surface is considered as the surface of mid-channel bars or single channel-fills. So the lithologies near the fourth order surfaces can be divided into three types: covering mudstone on the flank of bars, erosional muddy gravels on the bottom of bars, and abandoned channel-fill mudstone. The third order architectural bounding surface is defined as the surface of a single accretion inside mid-channel bars. Thus, the lithologies near the third order surfaces can be divided into four types. The first type is muddy siltstone, also known as fall-silt seam, which deposits during the last phase of a single period of vertical accretion due to the weakened hydrodynamics. The second one is the thin-layer erosional muddy gravel, which generally locates at the bottom of an accretion. The third one is the muddy gully-fill deposit, and the fourth type is the diagenetic cementation belt. The lithologies near the third order architectural bounding surfaces develop unstably, due to its thin thickness and lateral discontinuities.

Key words: sandy braided river; architectural elements; architectural bounding surface; lithofacies assemblage; Jurassic outcrop
收稿日期: 2018-01-19 ????
PACS: ? ?
基金資助: 國家科技重大專項(xiàng)(2016ZX05010001、2016ZX05011-001) 資助
通訊作者: 侯加根,,[email protected]
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任曉旭 , 侯加根 , 劉鈺銘 , 陳德坡 , 張翔宇 . 砂質(zhì)辮狀河不同級(jí)次構(gòu)型表征及其界面控制下的巖性分布模式——以山西大同盆地侏 羅系辮狀河露頭為例 . 石油科學(xué)通報(bào) , 2018, 03: 245-261.REN Xiaoxu, HOU Jiagen, LIU Yuming, CHEN Depo, ZHANG Xiangyu. Architectural characterization and a distribution model of li- thology near the boundary surfaces of different orders in a sandy braided river-a case study from the Jurassic sandy braided-river outcrops in the Datong Basin, Shanxi Province. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2018, 03: 245-261. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1693.2018.03.023
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