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摘要? 天然氣水合物具有能量密度大,、分布廣,、儲(chǔ)量大的特點(diǎn),，是未來(lái)的理想清潔能源,，也被認(rèn)為是常規(guī)能源的替代者,。多個(gè)國(guó)家都將天然氣水合物開(kāi)發(fā)列入國(guó)家發(fā)展計(jì)劃當(dāng)中，并展開(kāi)了一系列的基礎(chǔ)研究以及試采實(shí)驗(yàn),。但現(xiàn)階段的理論以及技術(shù)積累遠(yuǎn)不能應(yīng)對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)天然氣水合物商業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)帶來(lái)的諸多挑戰(zhàn)：1)天然氣水合物儲(chǔ)層特殊性導(dǎo)致開(kāi)發(fā)易誘發(fā)環(huán)境和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,，同時(shí)存在開(kāi)采效率低的問(wèn)題；2)現(xiàn)有鉆完井技術(shù)裝備難以滿(mǎn)足水合物儲(chǔ)層開(kāi)發(fā)的需求,，需要專(zhuān)門(mén)配套,；3)水合物開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)水量大，井下氣水快速分離困難,；4)沒(méi)有成熟的辦法來(lái)提高開(kāi)采能效以保證水合物開(kāi)發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,。為了克服以上困難，實(shí)現(xiàn)安全高效的開(kāi)采天然氣水合物,，應(yīng)該發(fā)展如下4 項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)：天然氣水合物儲(chǔ)層改造與保護(hù)技術(shù),；天然氣水合物儲(chǔ)層鉆完井技術(shù)；井下氣水快速分離技術(shù)與裝備,；提高水合物開(kāi)采能效技術(shù),。

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關(guān)鍵詞 ：天然氣水合物；開(kāi)發(fā),；儲(chǔ)層改造與保護(hù),；鉆完井；氣水分離,；能效

Abstract：

　　Natural gas hydrate is a possible clean and sustainable energy source because of its high energy density, wide distribution and enormous reserves. Many countries have included the exploitation of gas hydrate in their national development plan and have carried out studies of basic properties of natural gas hydrate and field tests in permafrost and on the seafloor. However, the present theories and technologies are not enough to overcome the challenges for commercial production. These are: 1) Environmental and geological risks and low gas production efficiency. 2) Lack of drilling and completion technologies for natural gas hydrate. 3) Difficulty in separation of gas and water for mass water yield during production of gas hydrate. 4) No solutions for economic production of gas hydrate with high energy efficiency. To realize the safe and efficient production of gas hydrate, the following four key technologies need to be investigated: Reconstruction and protection of gas hydrate reservoirs; Specialized drilling and completion technologies; Technologies for rapid efficient downhole separation of gas and water; Enhancement of energy efficiency.

Key words： natural gas hydrate ; exploitation ; reservoir reconstruction and protection ; drilling and completion ; gas and water separation ; energy efficiency

收稿日期: 2018-05-30 ????

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李楠,，王曉輝，呂一寧,，孫長(zhǎng)宇,，陳光進(jìn). 天然氣水合物開(kāi)發(fā)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及關(guān)鍵技術(shù)[J]. 石油科學(xué)通報(bào), 2016, 1(1): 171-174. LI Nan, WANG Xiaohui, LV Yining, SUN Changyu, CHEN Guangjin. Challenges and key technologies in development of natural gas hydrates. 石油科學(xué)通報(bào), 2016, 1(1): 171-174.

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